CDP
Formerly the Carbon Disclosure Project, CDP runs the world's largest environmental disclosure system and assigns letter grades that can move markets.
Climate Action 100+
An investor coalition that targets the world's largest corporate emitters, not to exclude them from portfolios, but to change how they operate from the inside.
Development Finance Institutions
DFIs are public finance bodies whose job is to unlock private investment in developing countries, and in the climate context, they are the critical link between rich-country pledges and real-world project funding.
GFANZ
The Glasgow Financial Alliance for Net Zero brought together $130 trillion in financial assets under a net-zero umbrella, and then watched parts of it unravel under political pressure.
IPCC
The UN body that synthesises global climate science. It does not run experiments; it referees them.
Mark Carney and the Tragedy of the Horizon
Mark Carney's 2015 speech reframed climate change as a systemic financial risk, and in doing so, helped launch an entirely new field of practice.
Science Based Targets Initiative
SBTi validates whether a company's emissions reduction plan is actually consistent with climate science. It is the closest thing to a gold standard for corporate net-zero claims.
Transition Pathway Initiative
TPI assesses whether listed companies in high-carbon sectors are actually managing climate risk and reducing emissions in line with Paris Agreement scenarios, and publishes the results for anyone to see.
UNFCCC and COP
The 1992 treaty that created the international climate negotiation system; COP is the annual gathering where that system does its work, and generates most of its headlines.